I'm glad to see so much love for Dosed. It's my favorite Chili Peppers song, and I've been a fan since I was 14 and own everything back to the self-titled. There's been some great stuff down through the years, but I would recommend Blood Sugar Sex Magik as a starting point, or MAYBE Stadium Arcadium. The nice thing about both albums is you can get a feel for everything the Peppers have done - there are other ballads on BSSM besides "Under the Bridge," like the (damn near perfect) "I Could Have Lied" and of course "Breaking the Girl." There is an overabundance of funk as well. I guess there aren't as many tracks that fuse the two as you'll find on later albums, but Californication and By the Way suppress the funk so much it's almost not there, especially on By the Way. It's my favorite album by the Peppers, but it's definitely one of the most atypical in its sound. Stadium Arcadium has a great pop sheen to it, but has more funk than you can shake a stick at and really solid balladry.
Also, if you want to hear a really sick Dylan cover, check out their take on "Subterranean Homesick Blues"