Okay, here goes
1. We now know Jacob & MIB's origin story, great. Now what about "mom"? Who is she and how did she come to be the "protector"?
2. What is MIB's name? Why did they never mention it?
3. What is that light? It's part of all of us, but mankind will abuse it if we get our hands on it and it turns people into smoke monsters? I have a sinking feeling that will be one of the questions that is "left up to the audience". I don't want it left up to me, I want them to tell me what it is!*
4. Why is MIB so evil once he turned into the smoke monster and why will there be hell on earth if he leaves? Why was it so important that he and Jacob not leave when they were human?
5. What was the super energy drink that mom gave Jacob?
*On the other hand, at least we know what was in the Pulp Fiction suitcase now
Here's my take on all of this - I've numbered your questions so I don't have to keep quoting.
1. It wouldn't surprise me if this is never answered, because it's not really that relevant to the story they're trying to tell, or if it's one of those things that is left up to the audience to decide. What I got from it is that it's probably an eternal thing. The mother mentioned that she came from her mother, and I think we're to assume that they're from a long line of island protectors.
2. I'm guessing that he was never given a name? We know his birth mother didn't name him, and they never called him anything all episode long.
3. Again, I wouldn't be surprised if this is left up to us. I'm probably not going to articulate this well, but it seemed like they were trying to say that the light represents humanity - they named "life, death, rebirth." So, the normal cycle of life? It seems that if you protect/revere it from afar, it will continue to provide for you (general you/all of humanity) but if you go into it, it spits out something ugly and evil and corrupt and unnatural. I'll have to think more about this.
4. I don't think they were supposed to leave the island as humans because the mother wanted them to stay to take over her duties, or at least one of them. I think the reason she had to stop MIB is because of the whole going into the light/messing with the light thing I mentioned in #3. Then Jacob went and forced him in anyway, so Jacob essentially created the evil being he is, now. He can't leave the island now, because if he does, what he became, the evil he embodies, will be unleashed on the world. For now, the island contains that.
5. Some sort of special ritual wine, I'm guessing. That looks like the same wine that Richard drank from, and the same bottle that MIB later broke. I wonder what that means in the grand scheme of things.
I think that anyone (not just you Kelly, I mean viewers in general) who is expecting neat, tidy answers will be sorely disappointed. It's never been the kind of show to give us that, and I can't see them starting now. I'm fine with that though, and I think tonight's episode revealed a lot.