Clearly he was wearing a helmet.
The nature of the injury makes it seem as if he went head first off the bike. The force that would be needed to shatter his shoulder, and also drive the humorous down and out of the skin is great. That he also had facial fractures in the cheek area pretty much confirms it was head first, or at least shoulder first with the head also hitting the ground at a high level of force...
Frankly, by these injuries, if he wasn't wearing a helmet, we'd be having a completely different type of discussion.