Spong takes on Scripture's 'terrible texts'
by Sally Cloke
Unity in the Anglican Communion has been inflated into an idol, argued one of its most controversial leaders: "What really keeps the Anglican Church together is the pension fund - aided and abetted by Wippell's" [the clerical wear manufacturer].
Retired Episcopalian bishop and author John Spong was the guest of the Spiritual Café, a monthly discussion group run by St George's Malvern.
Bp Spong's topic was his favourite book - the Bible: "I didn't write it, but I treasure it - and I greatly resent the way it is misused in our society" - especially in the homosexuality debate.
"There are those who claim that the 'clear teaching of Scripture' prohibits homosexual practice," he said. "But exactly the same verbiage was used to oppose women's ordination 20 years ago and 100 years ago to oppose the integration of black people into an all-white church."
He discussed several of the biblical texts which deal with homosexuality. Beginning with Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen 19) he made a scathing case against it being taken literally. "We have a woman turned into a pillar of salt, a man called 'righteous' who offers his daughters to be gang-raped, a God who doesn't know what's happening in Sodom and has to go down and look - and this is a story which people are using to condemn faithful, loving and committed gay and lesbian relationships in the 21st century?
"In Leviticus, homosexuality is called an 'abomination' - but so is menstruation," he said. "Homosexuality was punishable by death, but so were children who talked back to their parents. Put your hand up if you would have survived childhood," he asked his audience.
The message of Romans 1, according to the bishop, was "'If you don't worship God properly, God will confuse your sexual identity' - who wants to worship a God like that?
"Paul didn't know what caused homosexuality - the consensus today is that it is given not chosen. The question is: how do we live it out - how does someone live out their homosexuality appropriately? How does someone live out their heterosexuality appropriately? There are some forms of living out homosexuality that need to be condemned. The same with heterosexuality. Using others for one's own gratification is always wrong."
Bp Spong said he knew many homosexual couples who were striving to build relationships built on love, commitment and fidelity, and trying to make God part of their relationships.
"The Church blesses a lot of things it shouldn't: armadas setting off to war, hounds at a fox hunt, highway openings. If we can bless these, why not committed homosexual relationships?"
Bp Spong's next book will be called The Terrible Texts of the Bible - "the ones that have been misused to mistreat others". Examples include the subjugation of women (the Creation story taken to mean women were not created in God's image in the same way as men), environmental destruction (the call to 'multiply' and 'subdue the earth' taken too far) and anti-Semitism (the Crucifixion story being used to blame the Jews for Jesus' death).
"How can we call the Bible 'the Word of God' and yet use it to reinforce terrible prejudices... and bring hurt, pain and ignorance to countless people?"
A response to Bishop Spong's views on homosexuality
The following, by South Sydney Bishop Glenn Davies, is an edited extract, from the Faithfulness in Fellowship Study Book. Prepared by the Doctrine Commission of General Synod, the book presents a wide range of views and interpretations. Please note that this extract is only one view, and has been selected in response to Bp Spong.
The teaching of the New Testament concerning sexuality assumes the understanding of marriage as the bond between a man and a woman, in accordance with the creation accounts of Genesis 1-2. Jesus' teaching on this subject reinforces the permanency and exclusivity of the sexual bond between a man and a woman (Matthew 5:27-32; 19:1-12). Moreover, Jesus condemns all kinds of sexual impurity as evils to be avoided, including porneiai (sexual immorality), moicheiai (adultery) and aselgeia (Mark 7:20-23).
The third term in this list suggests sexual licence or debauchery beyond the norm. It can be understood to characterise Sodom and Gomorrah (citing 2 Peter 2:7) and the pagan world generally (Ephesians 4:19), with a special sense of sexual excess (Romans 13:13; 2 Corinthians 12:21; 2 Peter 2:2,18). Although it may not be possible to establish a specific reference to homosexual practice, the semantic range of aselgeia is inclusive of homosexual practice.
Jesus does not specifically address the question of homosexuality, but two points are worthy of attention. First, in the discussion of divorce in Matthew 19:1-12, the disciples' response to Jesus' high standards concerning marriage is to question whether it is better not to marry at all. However, Jesus' reply suggests that, apart from marriage, the only other viable state is celibacy. It would, therefore, appear that Jesus did not contemplate homosexual union as a viable alternative of sexual expression for those who would be members of the kingdom of God. On the contrary, he reaffirmed and reinforced the teaching of the Old Testament with respect to sexual union (Matthew 19:4-5; compare Matthew 5:17).
When we turn to the Pauline writings, we find specific references to the practice of homosexuality and, in each instance, the behaviour is viewed negatively. In Romans 1:26-27, Paul describes the kind of behaviour that is characteristic of the wicked, and his main indictment of them is their rejection of God the creator. This rejection is exemplified by idolatry and results in God giving them up to all kinds of aberrant behaviour. Such behaviour includes a range of sins listed in verses 28-32, as well as that of homosexual practice discussed in verses 26-27. Homosexual behaviour, therefore, is not singled out above all others as worthy of special condemnation.
Nonetheless, same-sex union is, according to the apostle, unnatural (para physin); by way of contrast, sexual relations between a man and a woman are natural (physiké)...
...Although Paul does not reflect upon any homosexual orientation of the person as such, what he does make plain is that those who practise homosexual acts, along with those who practise other forms of sexual immorality, will be excluded from the kingdom of God (1 Corinthians 6:10). In a similar vein, Paul's instructions to Timothy indicate that the arsenokoitai (those who commit acts of homosexual behaviour) behave contrary to sound doctrine and contrary to the gospel (1 Timothy 1:10-11)...
...While homosexual activity is clearly described by apostle Paul as sin, it is not the only sin, nor the worst sin. There is no justification, therefore, in persecuting homosexuals in the name of Christian piety...
The Faithfulness in Fellowship Study Book is available from Anglican Media Bookshop.
http://www.media.anglican.com.au/tma/2003/11/spong.html