Could you all do me a favor and PM me with your guesses as to who my candidate is?
Thank you.
One last piece written by my possible contender:
Restoration of the Republic
Throughout much of our history, Americans have seen our country as a land of rights and opportunities. In the eighteenth century, we fought a war for independence and liberty. In the nineteenth century, we occupied the West and industrialized the nation. In the twentieth century, we achieved material prosperity and dismantled gender and racial barriers. The emphasis throughout this history was on the rugged individualism of the cowboy or the autonomy and independence of the entrepreneur.
More often than not, the national government was seen as the protector of powerful interests and the status quo by those left behind or as a barrier to individual initiative by those resistant to regulation.
We have accepted the necessity of collective action only reluctantly and usually in time of crisis?to save the Union, to survive a depression, to defend democracy against fascism and communism, to defeat terrorism. But by and large, the American citizen's relationship to government has been a wary one, often skeptical and, in times of public corruption, even cynical.
Conservatives traditionally have seen government as the protector of vested interests, rights, and property and otherwise as a hindrance or "the problem". Liberals have viewed the national government from time to time as the instrument of social progress but also, depending on its management, as a danger to their civil liberties.
None of this is necessarily bad, except it obscures the other side of the American political coin. We are not only a democracy of rights, we are also a republic of duties. Further, our existence as a republic presupposes a common good, a commonwealth, a definable national interest greater than a mere collection of narrow or special interests.
We have an interest in our common security, all would agree. We own immense wealth in common in our public lands, timber, minerals, and other resources, though some continue to press for their wholesale privatization. We have a common interest in the health of our environment, though the extent of allowable pollution continues to be debated. And to some degree, the rise and fall of our economy affects us all, except perhaps those who live in mansions on the hill.
Occasionally, national leaders?a Lincoln, a Theodore Roosevelt, a Franklin Roosevelt, a John Kennedy, and even, briefly after 9.11, a George W. Bush?challenge us to consider our common good and common interests. But when crisis recedes, we tend to return to our individual ways.
It is not uncommon, though, for those who have served in combat, or the Peace Corps, or in emergency response to recollect those experiences as the most intensely felt times of their lives, and often the most meaningful. We celebrate "the greatest generation" not for what they did individually but for what they achieved collectively.
There is within almost every American soul a desire to make a contribution, to invest time and energy to make things better, to know the unique satisfaction of helping one's country. We call that sense idealism?the notion that the gap between what is and what ought to be can be narrowed if we will simply try.
The world does divide itself between "realists" and idealists, or perhaps it is between those who accept a kind of Darwinian determinism dictated by fate or natural selection?a Calvinistic predestinarianism between the saved and the damned?and those who believe that nothing is "written", that the human condition can be improved, that none need be left behind. Or, as Robert Kennedy said: "Some men see things as they are and ask 'Why?' I dream things that never were and ask, 'Why not?'" (I am melting, RFK is one of my favorites.)
The sense of idealism has roots in political theory and reality. It is the very essence of the republic. From ancient Greece and early Rome, the ideal of the republic was founded on civic virtue, the sense of citizen duty; on popular sovereignty, the notion that we are self-governing and thus determine our own destiny; on resistance to corruption, requiring the common good to prevail over special interests; and on the commonwealth itself, the proper stewardship of all those things we hold in common.
Today I advocate the restoration of the American republic. I do this as a means of restoring a sense of idealism?of national unity, purpose, and hope?for those who find it sadly missing. I also believe a republican restoration is necessary if we are to secure our future.
The qualities of the republic are related to each other and to the realities of our age. A spirit of citizen duty and participation is required to guarantee the sovereignty of the people. When citizens abdicate their duties, they are no longer sovereign. Popular sovereignty is necessary to resist corruption. For the classical republicans, as well as for America's republican founders, corruption was not simple bribery; it was placing personal interest or a special interest above the common good or commonwealth. For having common interests was what gave the republic meaning and purpose. Without a common purpose, there was no republic.
Duty, sovereignty, integrity, and the common good. These are the hallmarks of the republic. To secure our future, we must restore these qualities to America.
For there are four new realities to which they relate, four revolutions sweeping our early twenty-first-century world, four words on which our future security rests. These revolutionary realities are: globalization, information, sovereignty, and conflict. Globalization is, of course, the internationalization of commerce, finance, and markets. The second economic revolution, the information revolution, is massively altering the way we work, learn, and communicate. These two epic tides are in turn eroding the sovereignty of the nation-state and the authority of its central banks and finance ministries to regulate and stabilize national economies. And as the sovereignty of the nation-state erodes, its ability to maintain its monopoly on violence and to assure the safety of its citizens is declining. This is particularly true in an age where war is being transformed and the nature of conflict is rapidly shifting from national armies in the field to civilian-clothed terrorists targeting civilian victims.
In the twenty-first century, restoration of the values of the republic will be at least as important as the reiteration of the rights of the democracy in addressing these revolutions. For example, civic virtue?the duty of citizens to participate in public life and self-governance?will be vital to invigorating the community, the most immediate forum of government, in an age where economics is spiraling upward and therefore out of control, and where citizens will increasingly feel the need to control their political destinies.
And through the revitalization of communities, citizens can perform not only their civic duties, they can also exercise their popular sovereignty. Our national and state governments are representative democracies. Our community governments, or "elementary republics" as Thomas Jefferson called them, are the venues in which citizens can directly and immediately participate in the governing of their own affairs. The citizen's vote is cast in the representative republics; his or her voice is heard in the local republic. In the community, popular sovereignty is immediately exercised.
And when popular sovereignty is exercised, corruption cannot find roots. Placing narrow, personal, or special interests ahead of the national interest and the common good is not only a definition of corruption in classical terms, it is also, sadly, a description of American government in the early twenty-first century. Some political scientists assure us that at the clash of special interests the national interest emerges. Along with republicans throughout history, I refute that. The clash of special interests produces corrupt government and citizen cynicism and distrust.
And when citizens are distrustful, do not exercise their rights of sovereignty, and do not perform their civic duties, they are not prepared to carry out their most important duty, that of defense of themselves and their communities. The changing nature of conflict, the emergence of the real and present danger of terrorism visited on America, now requires, for the first time since 1812, a new front line of defense, the citizen-soldier. The "first responders" in the war on terrorism on the home front are the citizen, the fireman, the policeman, the emergency health responder. We are all "first responders". We are all in this together.
Globalization, information, sovereignty, and conflict. These revolutions of the twenty-first century call forth the ideals and values of the republic. As important as asserting our rights may be, it is no substitute for performance of our duties, participating in our community governance by way of asserting our popular sovereignty, resisting corruption by putting our national interest first, and becoming citizen-soldiers in defense of our families and communities.
Civic duty, popular sovereignty, resistance to corruption, and a sense of the common good?these are the values of the republic and the necessary response to the new realities of the twenty-first century.
In the real world of governance, these national values must form the basis for policies. In recent days, I have aspired to propose a new vision of security in this new and different century. And I have proposed a framework of ideas for achieving that security.
Security must include not only protection from violence, but also the security of our livelihood and, therefore, shelter, nutrition, and health care for our families. It must include the stability of our communities and, therefore, protection from terrorist attacks, as well as protection from the massive dislocation of a bankrupt or relocated major employer. It includes the security of a clean environment and, therefore, freedom from man-made poisoning of our air, water, and land. And it has to include the security of all our children's futures and, therefore, protection from disease, ignorance, pollution, and poverty.
This new security is central to our common good. Its foundation is found in imaginative programs for public investment in our people, our public structures, and our private productivity. It is found in a foreign policy based on America's highest and best principles. It is found in a new defense policy that incorporates military-reform ideas and fourth-generation warfare capabilities with an understanding of the changing nature of conflict.
In recent speeches, I have proposed a framework of ideas for economic security through investment rather than wasteful consumption, for international security through principled engagement in the world rather than unilateralism, and national security through new approaches to defense.
New economic security requires a strategy of long-term investment in our people, our laboratories, our schools and universities, our productivity, and our infrastructure. It requires energy security sufficient to prevent the loss of American lives fighting for foreign oil. It requires rewarding investment and taxing unnecessary consumption and thus requires a reversal of our current national values.
New international security requires a foreign policy based on principled engagement, internationalism based on historic American principles of liberal democracy, tolerance of diversity, respect for difference of culture and viewpoint, and acknowledgment of an expanding global common. Principled engagement depends on shared security duties and rejection of unilateralism. It depends on expanded trade based on international rules for worker and environmental protection. It fundamentally depends not on America selling its values and ideals but living them.
Our new national strategy for securing our future depends on an understanding of the transformation of war and the changing nature of conflict. We must have superior intelligence, particularly human intelligence, to achieve that understanding, new special forces to disrupt terrorist networks and light, swift, and lethal intervention forces to protect America's legitimate interests. We must form a multinational capability for stabilizing or rebuilding fragile states. It absolutely means a much greater sense of urgency for homeland security. And our new national security strategy for the future certainly means being smarter and quicker than those who wish us ill.
All these things?economic growth and justice through investment, principled global engagement, and a new national security policy?are central to securing our future.
I like to believe that these new policy approaches, creating a framework for restoration of the American republic, would resonate with that founder who continues to provoke our consciousness, that peculiarly eighteenth-century man whose vision reaches into the twenty-first century, Thomas Jefferson.
Out of a torrent of life-long correspondence, one letter?the famous "Head and Heart" ode to Maria Cosway?stands out. Though it is usually seen as a classic internal struggle between Jefferson's sense of duty and rationality on the one hand and his desire for a relationship of affection and even passion on the other, I have chosen to apply it to my own life differently. For me, it represents a search for the means to apply the rationality of policy to the passion of patriotism and particularly how that might be done in an age considerably more cynical than when I first handed out leaflets, as a student just like you, for a candidate named John Kennedy.
Throughout my public life, I have been considered by some to be "cerebral" and, given our experience in recent years, I can understand how such a thing might seem a little strange. I confess to having spent part of a public lifetime trying to find, with the help of very bright minds, new strategies of economic growth and justice that reflect the egalitarian commitment to social justice of the Democratic New Deal but that use the new productivity of the information age to do so. And I have tried to design a new approach to national defense based on profound principles of military reform. I did so, and still do, because the American people must once again see the Democratic Party as the vehicle for social reform, for justice and progress, as well as for progressively securing our nation and our future.
But underlying all this thought and study and policy "wonking" is a profound passion for America and even more so for the ideal of America. When I was your age, I believed in an ideal of America. And now, more than four decades later, I still do. I have only one goal in the public arena, to serve my country and perhaps also to try to inspire people like you to do so. I want you to imagine a picture of America that is above self-interest, above commercialism and materialism, and above ordinary politics.
Politics today is too much about careerism, special interest, campaign contributions and access?what I need, what I want, about my rights. But the ideal I believe in is about all of us together. It is about the common good. What is best for all of us. What is best for our children and future generations. Politics is, as Plato said, "an art whose business is a concern for souls". For me, the ideal of America is about a nation of people still searching for a nobler cause, for a better destiny. We are better than who we are today. And because we know this, we are frustrated by the gap between who we are and who we should be.
America still represents a promise, a promise that democratic people can learn to live together better, that we can rise above autonomy and selfishness, that we can create a "city on a hill". I want to challenge you to join me in realizing that promise, in holding our nation and ourselves to a higher standard, to use the creativity of our heads to find new ways to realize the passion in our hearts?a passion for a just society, a passion for a great society, a passion for the ideal of the American republic.